Posts

EDA ~ Unemployment Rate

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Today let’s explore the unemployment rate across different countries of the world. The dataset we will be using today is   Unemployment data— World wide   Figures  present on the Kaggle platform. It includes the unemployment rate for 31 years of each country i.e. from the year 1991–2021 with columns such as Columns of the dataset, Country name, Country code, Years- 1991 to 2021 Note: For quick Pandas revision you can refer to this blog :   Tutorial: Pandas Photo by  The New York Public Library  on  Unsplash The  unemployment rate formula  is the number of unemployed people in the country, divided by the total number of workers available in the civilian labor force. Source PHOTO:THE BALANCE / MARY MCLAIN 1. Import important libraries import pandas as pd import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import seaborn as sns import plotly.express as px 2. Reading the CSV file df = pd.read_csv("/content/unemployment analysis.csv") df.head() 3...

Batch Normalization

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Today let's enter inside the Deep Neural Network to understand what actually batch Normalization is, what all problems can we face if Batch Normalization is not used and advantages of using it in our model. In machine learning we have been constantly using this technique of feature scaling such as standardization or normalization over our features so that there is uniformity in ranges of all features and there's no inbuilt bias from the model over a particular feature or set of features. Similarly in Neural Network  we normalize our input by mean centring to zero and variance scaling to unity which is also known as "whitening". Okay so as of now we have normalized our inputs to zero mean and unit variance. Sounds good .  But what about the values deep inside the network?? Will it follow the same distribution as that of input values distribution?? Let's find out..!!! We are here extensively dealing with Deep Neural Network which are having a lot of hidden layers p...

Why activation function is needed in Neural Networks???

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Today allow me to share with you, the relationship between a spider and an activation function   Activation function is used in Neural network to introduce the non-linearity. Without the proper activation function, neural network will simply be large Linear Model.   Consider the case where you have a data which is linearly separable  Constructing a model to separate yellow and orange data points is very simple. A simple logistic regression will do this job very perfectly  Now consider the case where your data set looks like something shown below What do you think now?? will a simple linear model be able to carve out the hyperplane in such a way to classify both yellow and orange points. I don’t think so. And it is the fact that a simple linear model may not be able to find complex patterns in a data.  So now we go to big brother of linear model -Neural network. Neural Network has this super ability to both carve out linear...